The Pu Peo ethnic group has long lived in the northernmost region

The Pu Peo ethnic group has only 903 people, the 3rd smallest ethnic group among the 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam, residing for a long time in the northernmost region of Vietnam (Ha Giang province). Let's go togetheriguide.aiFind out information about the Pu Peo ethnic group, Vietnam!

1. Historical origin:The Pu Peo people have lived for a long time in the northernmost region of Vietnam. The Pu Peo people resided in Ha Giang before the 18th century, another group arrived later, around the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

2. Geographical distribution:Currently, Pu Peo people are present in 20/63 provinces and cities of our country. People reside in the provinces of Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Ho Chi Minh City, and Dong Nai.

3. Population, language

- Population: According to data from the 2019 Survey of 53 Ethnic Minorities, the Pu Peo people have 903 people (of which, men: 467 people and women: 436 people); residing mainly in Ha Giang province.

- Language: Pu Peo people speak the Tay-Thai language but closer to the Tay-Nung language. In the Tay-Nung language, “Pu” means “person”; “Péo” is a corruption of the former self-name “Ka Bao”.

4. Main characteristics

- Traditional social institutions: The village owner is the oldest person in the village, has prestige and a lot of experience in behavior, understands customs and practices and can also play the role of shaman to preside over ceremonies. your offerings. The village owner is trusted and elected by the people from the collective of householders in the village. They not only play the role of managing all tasks from daily life to production labor, but also have a spiritual role for the people. people in the village.

- Religion and belief: Cosmic view, Pu Peo people believe that the world consists of 3 floors: heaven, earth and underground. In each floor, the human appearance is different. They believe that the ancestors' souls are always at the top, while the living are at the bottom.
Conceptually about the soul, the Pu Peo people believe that, with living objects, the soul exists in the body. It is the energy that creates form and life. The human soul is somewhat more complex than the souls of all living things. It is not only the factor that creates form and life but also shapes human personality, behavior, emotions, spirit... The Pu Peo people believe that each person has 8 souls (m'ru van ngoa) and 9 souls (m'xia van au).

Some rituals in religious life: Ceremony to worship the forest god (ngoangxau), Ceremony to go to the fields (pat oong), Worshiping ceremony to eliminate pests, Ceremony to celebrate new rice, Ceremony to worship new rice...

- Housing: Building a house is one of the big tasks in a person's life. The elderly believe that the success or failure in each family life and each individual depends a lot on "farm", that's why there are many beliefs surrounding the house of the Pu Peo people, from choosing land to the construction process and the ceremony of moving to a new house.

- Costume: Pu Peo women often wear a black ao dai, with a bib on the outside, decorated on the outfit mainly by piecing together colored pieces of fabric, their hair tied in front with a wooden comb, covered on the outside. square scarf, decorated with colorful patterns. Pu Peo women's clothing has 3 parts: shirt (wrap), skirt (dong), bib (puoi).

Pu Peo men often wear indigo dyed clothes or blue shirts and black pants. Pu Peo men's shirts are sewn above the knee length, the front hem is about 15cm shorter than the back hem. Men's clothing is special in that the carpal tunnel is sewn about 30-40cm wide. This shirt is worn on holidays, New Year, weddings, and funerals. Men's shoes are often sewn by themselves using black fabric and mo nang bark from bamboo and apricot trees.

- Cuisine: Food sources used in Pu Peo people's meals are mainly agricultural products such as rice and corn. From these two main foods, the people prepare many different dishes: rice, porridge, sweet soup and cakes... In addition, the people also grow other plants such as arrowroot and buckwheat.

Foods used in the daily meals of the Pu Peo people are mainly vegetables, beans, gourds, and squash. Pu Peo people especially like to eat boiled dishes dipped in fish sauce or salt and chili and vegetable soups.

Some main dishes in the daily meals of the Pu Peo people include: Rice (mi), boiled dishes (dum lang), stir-fry (sa), soup (bac bee), pork hanging on the stove (waist mounting). .

Drinks: Besides common drinks like many other ethnic groups, the Pu Peo people have some typical drinks which are water combined with herbs (roots, forest leaves, tea leaves) and alcohol. The most typical type of wine is corn wine (pau how) cooked with leaf yeast.

- Education: According to data from the 2019 Survey of 53 Ethnic Minorities, the rate of people aged 15 and older who can read and write general education accounts for 83.0%, and the overall school attendance rate of children at the primary level is 83.0%. education accounts for 100.0%, at the lower secondary level it is 100.0%, at the high school level it is 72.3%.

5. Economic conditions

-The Pu Peo people have two main forms of farming: field farming and upland farming. Depending on the natural conditions of each area of ​​residence of the Pu Peo people, field or milpa farming is more developed. Livestock farming is an important form of supporting economy for Pu Peo families. They raise many types of livestock and poultry such as buffaloes, cows, pigs, goats, dogs, cats, chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons, bees...

- Pu Peo people know how to do many crafts such as weaving, carpentry, knitting, blacksmithing, making bricks and tiles, making corn wine... However, handicraft products are mainly only to serve daily needs. of families rather than becoming a commodity. Many professions are tending to disappear.
Trading activities among the Pu Peo people have existed for a long time with the aim of obtaining products to serve the needs of life that their self-sufficient economy cannot meet. They participate in trading activities in many forms: going to markets, opening grocery stores, and trading across borders.

Above is some interesting information about the Pu Peo ethnic group, Vietnam, let's join  iguide.aiPlan to explore, meet and experience culture with Pu Peo people in the near future!

Source:
- Ethnic groups in Vietnam (Truth National Political Publishing House)
- Basic characteristics of 54 ethnic minorities in 2019 (Committee for Ethnic Minorities and General Statistics Office)
- Website of the Committee for Ethnic Minorities, Website of Nhan Dan Newspaper
- Results of the survey collecting information on the socio-economic status of 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam)